Monday, July 19, 2010

VMware ESX 4.0 Disk Layout

esx4-1

After having just sat the vSphere “What’s New” course, I have the itch to start writing again! As many of you may already be aware, vSphere has some slick new features and I am excited to start writing again about these new topics as well as Microsoft Hyper-V R2 and Citrix XenServer! Now for the post!

One area that was not really covered in the course was “what are the best practices for partitioning vSphere”. Things are very different now, unlike in previous versions, the COS is now a vmdk file and runs on a VMFS volume. Just in case you were wondering, the COS VMDK is stored on the local VMFS volume by default in the following location: esxconsole-/esxconsole.vmdk. As you would imagine, this will definitely alter the way that you partition your disk, if you are installing from scratch. To install from scratch, the best practice is to partition as follows:

Note: You cannot define the sizes for /boot, vmkcore, or vmfs partitions using manual or graphical installation. Only using a scripted method can you define these values

Required:

Mount Point Size Notes
/(root) 5120 MB This is the VMware recommended value
swap 1600 MB This is the maximum value. Minimum value is 600 MB
/boot 1.25 GB This mount point is automatically created and included both /boot and vmkcore partitions. The /boot partition requires 1100 MB of this value
VMFS 1200 MB This mount point is automatically created and includes the COS vmdk named esxconsole.vmdk
/var/log 4096 MB Created by default during manual installation. VMware recommends a minimum of 2000 MB
/home 2048 MB VMware recommends 512 MB
/opt 2048 MB VMware does not have any recommendation for /opt
/tmp 2048 MB VMware recommends 1024 MB

So there you have it. Somewhat similar to what we’ve seen in the past, however with a twist in that the COS is now a VMDK!

Windows 2008 Core Commands

So you installed Server 2008 Core And here’s what you’ve got:

core

Well now what? To start, check out the commands below:

Show NICs
netsh interface ipv4 show interfaces

Show NIC Configuration
netsh interface ipv4 show config

Configure Static IP
netsh interface ipv4 set address name=”2” source=static address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx mask=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx gateway xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

Add Primary DNS
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name=”2” address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx index=1

Add Secondary DNS
netsh interface ipv4 add dnsserver name=”2” address=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx index=2

Rename server
netdom renamecomputer oldname /NewName:newname

Add to Domain
netdom join servername /domain:domainname /userd:domain\username
/passwordd:*

Activate the Server
cscript slmgr.vbs –ato

Enable Remote Desktop for Administration
cscript scregedit.wsf /AR 0

Allow Remote Admin through Firewall
netsh advfirewall Firewall set rule group=”Remote Administration” new enable=yes

Restart server
shutdown /r t 0

Disable Interface
netsh interface set interface “Local Area Connection 2” disabled
Delete DNS entries
netsh interface delete dnsserver name=”2” address=all